Pathological myopia refers to an abnormal elongation of the eye and is associated with extreme nearsightedness. It can result in a progressive, severe loss of vision and is requently related to the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Pathological myopia has an incidence of approximately 2% in the general U.S. population and is the seventh leading cause of legal blindness. It occurs most often in those of Chinese, Japanese, Middle Eastern, or Jewish descent; and it is more common in women than men. Pathological myopia is the primary cause of CNV in individuals younger than 50 years of age. Nearly 10% of eyes with pathological myopia develop CNV. If left untreated, the visual prognosis of CNV secondary to pathological myopia is poor, and a high proportion of patients develop rapid and potentially irreversible vision loss.