In November 2005, the Ontario Health Technology Advisory Committee (OHTAC) reviewed the available evidence on air cleaning technologies compiled by the Medical Advisory Secretariat (MAS) of the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MoHLTC). OHTAC recommended that with appropriate consultation, in-room HEPA cleaners may be used to meet requirements in standards when it is not practical to do so using the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system (24). An additional recommendation was that the Healthcare Human Factors Group (HHFG) at the University Health Network (UHN) evaluate the current use of in-room HEPA cleaners in Ontario hospitals (24). Consequently, the goal of this research was to determine and evaluate the current practice of in-room HEPA cleaners in Ontario health care facilities, specifically their installation, use, and maintenance, and provide recommendations regarding best practice.