Authors' objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized oncology by enhancing the immune system's ability to target tumours, leading to significant cancer regression. Key ICIs include nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, dostarlimab, atezolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab, ipilimumab, and tremelimumab. Approved by Health Canada, these drugs treat various cancers, including melanoma, lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. Many ICIs block the PD-1 or PD-L1 pathway, preventing tumours from evading the immune system. However, they can cause immune-related adverse effects. Dosing varies and is often based on weight or as fixed doses, with weight-based dosing potentially being more cost-effective. Policies in Canada often mandate weight-based dosing up to a cap for certain ICIs, although policies can vary by drug or jurisdiction. This project will review recent evidence on dosing strategies with the aim of optimizing ICI treatment. Jurisdictions will use this evidence to inform decisions on the best dosing practices for ICIs.

Project Status: Completed

URL for project: https://www.cda-amc.ca/dosing-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors

Year Published: 2026

URL for published report: https://www.cda-amc.ca/sites/default/files/pdf/htis/2026/RE0053-ICI_Dosing_Final_Report.pdf

URL for additional information: https://www.cda-amc.ca/dosing-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors

English language abstract: An English language summary is available

Publication Type: Mini HTA

Country: Canada

Organisation Name: Canada’s Drug Agency (CDA-AMC)

Contact Address: 865 Carling Ave., Suite 600 Ottawa, ON Canada K1S 5S8

Contact Name: Shannon Nordstrom

Contact Email: shannon.nordstrom@cda-amc.ca

Copyright: 2025 Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health