Original Title: Dosage d’un panel d’anticrises de nouvelle génération par LC-MS/MS

Authors' objectives: The Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) has submitted a request to introduce a new assay to the Répertoire québécois et système de mesure des procédures de biologie médicale (hereinafter referred to as the "Répertoire"), and has forwarded it to the Institut national d'excellence en santé et en services sociaux (INESSS) in accordance with the evaluation mechanism for new medical biology assays. The mandate given was to evaluate the new-generation anti-seizure panel assay by liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) as part of the therapeutic follow-up of epilepsy. As this assay is not listed in the Répertoire, the Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux (MSSS) considers it necessary to evaluate its relevance.

Authors' results and conclusions: (#1 EVALUATION CONTEXT): Epilepsy has significant neurological, cognitive, psychological, and social consequences for sufferers. The treatment of epilepsy is essentially pharmacological. Depending on the individual, drugs may have varying degrees of efficacy, safety, and side effects. It is therefore essential to monitor the progression of this disease and adapt management accordingly. The use of anti-seizure monitoring is increasingly recommended. However, many other widely used anti-seizure drugs do not benefit from an officially listed dosing procedure in the Répertoire. To date, only two assays for the new-generation anti-seizure drugs lamotrigine (30690) and clobazam (30660) are listed in the Répertoire. (#2 SOCIOCULTURAL DIMENSION): The Government of Ontario's Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Epilepsy, and similar documents from international learned societies, state that antiseizure therapy is based on the clinical judgment of the treating physician. Although it is not recommended to do so systematically for all patients, therapeutic follow-up should be considered when seizures are uncontrolled, when a condition altering pharmacokinetics such as pregnancy is present, or when toxicity or non-adherence is suspected. (#3 POPULATION DIMENSION ): Epilepsy affects some 300,000 people in Canada and is diagnosed at all ages. Epilepsy increases the risk of injury and premature death, can disrupt sleep, affect career choices, limit physical activity, and restrict driving privileges. The stigma associated with epilepsy is a considerable challenge for some patients, impacting on their overall quality of life. Anti-seizure medication remains the mainstay of epilepsy treatment. They reduce the frequency of seizures while improving patients' quality of life. Effective plasma concentrations vary from one individual to another, and do not necessarily fall within a reference range. Identifying an individual plasma concentration may therefore be desirable. Anti-seizure medications have adverse effects that can interfere with daily life and must be considered in their management. (#4 CLINICAL DIMENSION): Despite a generally low body of evidence, the selected studies indicated that administering new-generation anti-seizure drugs as part of follow-up therapy would offer some clinical benefits, such as better seizure control or fewer adverse effects. This could be particularly advantageous for patients with increased pharmacokinetic variability, such as children, the elderly, pregnant women, and patients with comorbidities. In light of the identified scientific literature and expert opinion, LC MS/MS is considered a reference method for assaying new-generation anti-seizures from serum or plasma samples. (#5 ORGANIZATIONAL DIMENSION): LC-MS/MS offers the possibility of analyzing a batch of samples from different patients treated with one or more anti-seizures, making it easier to centralize and optimize procedures. Some laboratories have the resources needed to assay new-generation anti-seizures using a multiplex LC-MS/MS approach. Clinicians consider the three-week response time to be long, which may compromise the clinical usefulness of anti-seizure follow-up therapy. A shorter response time, considering the time needed to get the sample to the laboratory, should be targeted. (#6 ECONOMIC DIMENSION - EFFECTIVENESS ): No studies evaluating the cost-effectiveness of therapeutic monitoring of new-generation anti-seizure assays by LC-MS/MS in patients with epilepsy have been identified. Given the uncertainty surrounding the health benefits associated with therapeutic monitoring of new-generation anti-seizure assays by LC-MS/MS, the INESSS is unable to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed panel, compared with the assays currently performed in Quebec. The cost analysis conducted shows that its use could result in a cost reduction of $12 to $103, compared with assays currently in the Répertoire. (#6 ECONOMIC DIMENSION - BUDGET IMPACT ANALYSIS): Given the uncertainty surrounding certain parameters of the budget impact analysis, a scenario-based approach was adopted. Depending on the scenario considered, the addition of the proposed panel could generate costs of between $55k and $821k over the first three years for the completion of between 12,900 and 33,900 assays. However, these results are subject to uncertainty, since it is difficult to accurately estimate the number of anticipated assays.

Authors' recommendations: In light of the findings of the five value dimensions of its evaluation framework, the INESSS recommends that the Ministre introduce the new-generation anti-seizure panel assay by LCMS/MS into the Répertoire. In order to maximize anticipated clinical utility and limit the risk of sub-optimal use, the INESSS stipulates that the following conditions are necessary for the implementation of the proposed assay: • Clinical response time should be a maximum of ten days (including the time required to transport the sample to the laboratory). • Implementation of the assay will have to be monitored over the next few years, in order to document clinical indications, response times, volumetry, and analysis costs. • The request form should make it possible to select the clinical indication for which the assay is requested, i.e., - suspected toxicity; - uncontrolled epileptic seizures; - pregnancy; - liver or kidney disease; - drug interactions; - other pharmacokinetic alterations; - suspected non-compliance; - pediatrics. • Assays conducted using either a commercial kit or a laboratory-developed method should meet ISO 15189 requirements. • The service should be available in several laboratories across the province.

Authors' methods: The evaluation approach included a review of the scientific literature, a search of the grey literature, and consultations with clinicians and other stakeholders. The methodology was structured around seven evaluation questions, covering socio-cultural, population, clinical (clinical validity and clinical utility), organizational and economic (efficacy and budgetary impact) dimensions. A review of the economic literature was conducted, along with a feasibility evaluation of economic modeling to measure the effectiveness of LC-MS/MS dosing of new-generation anti-seizure agents. A budgetary impact analysis was conducted, considering the costs associated with the introduction of new-generation LCMS/MS anti-seizure assays to the Repertoire. Costs were projected over a three-year time horizon from a healthcare system perspective. All scientific, contextual, and experiential data were interpreted and synthesized into findings to guide the deliberative process of the Standing Deliberative Committee (SDC) - Diagnostic Approaches and Screening, in order to develop recommendations.

Project Status: Completed

URL for project: https://www.inesss.qc.ca/publications/repertoire-des-publications/publication/dosage-dun-panel-danticrises-de-nouvelle-generation-par-lc-ms-ms.html

Year Published: 2024

URL for published report: https://www.inesss.qc.ca/publications/repertoire-des-publications/publication/dosage-dun-panel-danticrises-de-nouvelle-generation-par-lc-ms-ms.html

English language abstract: An English language summary is available

Publication Type: Full HTA

Country: Canada

Province: Quebec

Organisation Name: Institut national d'excellence en sante et en services sociaux

Contact Address: L'Institut national d'excellence en sante et en services sociaux (INESSS) , 2021, avenue Union, bureau 10.083, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 2S9;Tel: 1+514-873-2563, Fax: 1+514-873-1369

Contact Name: demande@inesss.qc.ca

Contact Email: demande@inesss.qc.ca

Copyright: L'Institut national d'excellence en sante et en services sociaux (INESSS)