Authors' objectives: To systematically review evidence addressing tonsillectomy in children with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (OSDB) or recurrent throat infections.

Authors' recommendations: Tonsillectomy can produce short-term improvement in sleep outcomes compared with no surgery in children with OSDB (moderate SOE). In children with recurrent throat infections undergoing tonsillectomy, number of throat infections (moderate SOE) and associated health care utilization and work/school absences (low SOE) improved in the first postsurgical year. These benefits did not persist, and data on longer term results are lacking. Short-term improvements must be weighed against the risk of PTH (high SOE for low frequency of PTH). Surgical technique had little bearing on return to normal diet or activity (low SOE). Perioperative dexamethasone and pre-emptive 5-HT receptor antagonist antiemetics reduced the need for additional analgesics or antiemetics (low SOE). Dexamethasone did not increase risk of PTH compared with placebo, but estimates had wide confidence bounds (low SOE). Little evidence addressed the use of postoperative medications for pain-related outcomes (insufficient SOE).

Project Status: Completed

Year Published: 2017

URL for published report: https://www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/ehc/products/620/2424/tonsillectomy-report-170124.pdf

English language abstract: An English language summary is available

Publication Type: Not Assigned

Country: United States

Organisation Name: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

Contact Address: Center for Outcomes and Evidence Technology Assessment Program, 540 Gaither Road, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. Tel: +1 301 427 1610; Fax: +1 301 427 1639;

Contact Name: martin.erlichman@ahrq.hhs.gov

Contact Email: martin.erlichman@ahrq.hhs.gov

Copyright: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)